How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Multiply the Celsius value by 9/5 and add 32. So 37 °C becomes 37 × 1.8 + 32 = 98.6 °F. The reverse subtracts 32 first, then multiplies by 5/9.

How is Kelvin related to Celsius?

Kelvin uses the same degree size as Celsius but starts at absolute zero. To convert, add 273.15 to a Celsius value. So 0 °C is 273.15 K and 100 °C is 373.15 K.

Can temperatures be negative in Kelvin?

No. Kelvin is an absolute scale where 0 K is the lowest physically possible temperature. The converter flags any entry below 0 K as physically impossible.

Why do labs care about exact conversions?

Protocols are often written in one scale while equipment displays another. An autoclave set to 121 °C is 250 °F; a −80 °C freezer is 193.15 K. Getting the conversion exact prevents protocol errors and sample loss.

What is the autoclave preset based on?

Standard moist-heat sterilisation runs at 121 °C (250 °F, 394.15 K) for 15 minutes at 15 psi, which reliably kills bacterial spores. A faster cycle uses 134 °C for shorter holds.

Temperature Unit Converter (°C / °F / K)

Temperature conversions are constant in the lab: protocols quote one scale, the incubator displays another, and the freezer log uses a third. This converter moves instantly between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin and includes presets for the temperatures you actually use at the bench.

How it works

All three scales describe the same physical quantity, so converting is just algebra. Celsius is the reference here:

°F = °C × 9/5 + 32
K  = °C + 273.15

°C from °F = (°F − 32) × 5/9
°C from K  = K − 273.15

Whichever field you edit is converted to Celsius internally, then back out to the other two scales. Kelvin is an absolute scale, so any value below 0 K is physically impossible and is flagged rather than displayed as a valid result.

Lab presets and tips

The presets cover common bench set points: PCR denaturation (95 °C), autoclave sterilisation (121 °C), body/incubator temperature (37 °C), refrigerator (4 °C), ultra-low freezer (−80 °C), and liquid-nitrogen vapour storage (about −150 °C). A useful sanity check is that −40 is the single point where Celsius and Fahrenheit read the same value, and that water freezes at 0 °C / 32 °F / 273.15 K and boils at 100 °C / 212 °F / 373.15 K at sea level.